Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay, is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India and the seventh most populous city in the world, with a metropolitan population of over 20 million as of 2011. Mumbai lies on the Konkan coast on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbor. It is also the financial, commercial, and entertainment capital of India, hosting numerous financial institutions, conglomerates, and the Bollywood film industry. The city is notable for its diverse culture and dynamic multi-ethnic population, which contributes to its vibrant, bustling atmosphere.
Historically, Mumbai was a collection of seven islands on the Konkan coastline which over time were joined through land reclamation projects. The city’s architecture is a blend of Gothic Revival, Art Deco, Indo-Saracenic, and contemporary styles. It plays a pivotal role in India’s economy with major sectors including finance, diamonds, textiles, and entertainment. Significant landmarks like the Gateway of India, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, and the Elephanta Caves highlight its rich history and cultural heritage.